Ontario Newborn Care Explained: Vitamin K, Eye Ointment, and Hep B at Birth

When it comes to parenting, one of the most important things I want you to know is this: I will not judge your choices. Whether you choose to breastfeed or bottle-feed, co-sleep or use a crib, have a home birth or deliver in a hospital—my focus is not on what you choose, but on how you choose. I care deeply that you feel informed and supported. Because when parents understand their options and feel in control of their decisions, it changes everything. Confidence rises, stress lowers, and the bond with baby often grows stronger. In fact, feeling in control during birth and postpartum is one of the strongest protective factors against postpartum depression and anxiety.

Let’s start with what happens in those first few hours after birth in Ontario. You have choices, and knowing what’s offered—and why—can help you feel empowered.

What Newborn Treatments Are Offered at Birth in Ontario?

Right after your baby is born, hospitals in Ontario will typically offer three standard treatments. None of these are legally required. You always have the right to ask questions, delay, or decline.

1. Vitamin K Injection
   This is a one-time shot given shortly after birth to prevent a rare but serious condition called Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding (VKDB), which can cause internal bleeding in newborns. It's a long-standing and well-researched practice recommended across Canada. The injection form is preferred over oral drops because it provides better, longer-lasting protection.

2. Erythromycin Eye Ointment
   This is a small amount of antibiotic ointment placed in your baby’s eyes to prevent bacterial infections that could be passed during birth. These infections are rare, but can cause serious eye damage if untreated. Some parents choose to decline this, and most Ontario hospitals are respectful of that decision.

3. Hepatitis B Vaccine (Birth Dose)
   Ontario now offers a birth dose of the Hepatitis B vaccine to all newborns within 24 hours of birth. It helps protect against a virus that can cause long-term liver issues. If the mother is known to carry Hepatitis B, the baby will also receive Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin (HBIG) alongside the vaccine to provide extra protection. If you have questions or want to delay this, you can absolutely discuss it with your care team.

🕊️ Why Informed Choices Matter So Much

It’s not just about making the “right” decision—it’s about understanding what’s being offered so that you can make the decision that feels best for you and your baby. Feeling informed helps you feel calm, centered, and capable—and this has ripple effects. Research shows that when parents feel like active participants in their care (rather than passive patients), their risk of postpartum depression and anxiety goes down. Feeling in control helps protect your mental health.

You are more likely to bond deeply with your baby when you're not overwhelmed by fear or confusion. That connection—what we often call “bonding”—isn't about being perfect. It's built through skin-to-skin contact, eye contact, holding your baby close, and simply being present. When you’re informed and not second-guessing yourself, these moments come more naturally. And the “love hormone,” oxytocin, flows more freely, helping both of you feel safe and connected.

🤱 You Know What’s Best for Your Baby

Every parent’s path looks different. You might accept every treatment offered, or you might choose to delay or decline. There is no one right way—only what feels right to you. When you’re supported in your choices, your stress levels drop. You feel more at ease. And that sense of peace creates space for connection, confidence, and recovery.

So whether you’re still planning your birth or you're already holding your baby in your arms, remember this: You don’t have to do it all perfectly. You just have to feel empowered in the choices you make. That’s what truly makes the difference. And that’s what I care about most.